November 17, 2016, 8:37 p.m.,
McDougall, A.,
Allgemein.
This article examines the intersections between football and history in the films of Rainer Werner Fassbinder. It focuses on the three works—The Marriage of Maria Braun (1979), Veronika Voss (1982) and Lola (1981)—that compose the BRD Trilogy, Fassbinder’s ambitious chronicle of the postwar history of West Germany, from ‘zero hour’ in 1945 to the uneasy prosperity of the late 1950s. Scholarship on Fassbinder has rarely focused on his passion for the game and the ways in which it influenced his art. Yet football features at critical moments in each of the films in the BRD Trilogy. By examining three themes—football’s role as a marker of postwar masculinity in crisis; football’s importance in showcasing (via radio commentaries) the soundscape central to Fassbinder’s reimagining of 1950s West Germany; and football’s role in the illusion of historicity that underpins the BRD Trilogy—this article analyses Fassbinder’s deployment of the game as a sympathetic witness to the male incapacity for transformation after 1945. In integrating Fassbinder’s work into not only the political, but also the cultural history of West Germany, it reveals football’s quietly powerful role in shaping postwar German society.
Quelle: http://gh.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/short/34/4/608?rss=1
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November 17, 2016, 8:37 p.m.,
Gerlach, D.,
Allgemein.
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November 17, 2016, 8:37 p.m.,
Moore, P.,
Allgemein.
This article examines the international debate on the violence of the first year of the National Socialist regime by focusing on the Anti-Brown Book written by storm troop leader Werner Schäfer in 1934. Schäfer’s text is unique as the only book-long propaganda justification of a concentration camp to be written during the lifetime of the Third Reich by a serving commandant. Analysing this text in depth for the first time, the article presents the book as an example of low-level initiative in the shaping of the official narrative of early Nazi terror and as a riposte to critical publicity on the concentration camps in particular. It argues that the first year of the regime saw a dialogue between the regime and its enemies in which the meaning of Nazi violence was contested and the public face of the camps was shaped by multiple agencies of the nascent Third Reich.
Quelle: http://gh.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/short/34/4/579?rss=1
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November 17, 2016, 8:37 p.m.,
Lazer, S.,
Allgemein.
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November 17, 2016, 8:37 p.m.,
Ramsbrock, A.,
Allgemein.
This essay focuses on the emergence and proliferation of social cosmetics in the Weimar Republic, analysing the relationship between visions of social reform and changing ideas of beauty. I first look at the concept itself. What were the underlying ideas of welfare and beauty? Second, I look at the acceptance of social cosmetics as an aspect of welfare policies promoted by social-policy makers. What problems did the representatives of social insurance funds see in the incorporation of social cosmetics? Was it compatible at all with the logic of the Weimar welfare system, and, if so, what arguments were used to defend it? Third, the practice of social cosmetics is portrayed as a variant of social hygiene. Who was calling for social cosmetics, which specific ailments did people want to have treated, and what formalities were involved before a patient could be treated? Finally, I discuss not only to what extent a focus on social cosmetics can help soften the opposition between disciplining and emancipation commonly found in histories of the body, but also to what extent it has expanded our idea of the ‘omnipotence of social engineering’, from a focus on bodily functions and the health of the community to the form and shape of the body and the ideal of a flawless individual.
Quelle: http://gh.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/short/34/4/555?rss=1
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November 17, 2016, 8:37 p.m.,
Dawson, R. P.,
Allgemein.
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November 17, 2016, 8:37 p.m.,
Haardt, O. F. R.,
Allgemein.
The historiographical debate on Wilhelm II’s alleged personal rule and on his role in the 1914 decision to go to war generally neglects how the institution of the kaiser (the imperial office) evolved in the context of the federal state. In addressing this lack of research, this essay exposes fundamental developments of the imperial office in the federal legislature and executive between 1871 and 1918. It argues that under the 1871 constitution the power of the Emperor was based on Prussia, which, in turn, made him subject to federal constraints. In the legislature, the evolution of the imperial office was characterized by the emergence of the right to initiate legislation and to veto laws, which turned the Emperor into a material factor in legislation. In the executive, his constitutionally established dominance increased over the years, for example in terms of the expansion of his right to decree ordinances across all fields of government. At the same time, the other federal organs, especially the Reichstag, tried to curtail qualitatively the new appointment powers of the kaiser in order to limit Wilhelm II’s disruptive influence on the political system. The general expansion of the Emperor’s legislative and executive power, however, was due to systemic reasons of federal evolution rather than the persons in office. This evolution should prompt historians to reconsider the role of the kaiser in imperial politics by paying more attention to the federal context and, especially, by measuring his conduct by what the capacity of his office looked like in constitutional reality at the relevant moment.
Quelle: http://gh.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/short/34/4/529?rss=1
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November 17, 2016, 9:55 a.m.,
Matthias Michael Mayer,
Allgemein.
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November 17, 2016, 8:00 a.m.,
Robertson, R.,
Allgemein.
<span class="paragraphSection"><div class="boxTitle">Abstract</div>The Catholic Enlightenment, long ignored by scholarship, has been brought sharply into focus by numerous recent publications. After surveying some leading features of the Catholic Enlightenment, this essay considers a useful <span style="font-style:italic;">Companion to the Catholic Enlightenment in Europe</span> and a study of Enlightenment in the intellectual and social lives of German Benedictines. Some of this research suggests that German historiography shows a Protestant bias which needs to be corrected by greater attention to the Catholic contribution to intellectual and political debates. Biographical studies of Catholic Enlightenment figures raise the question of where to draw the boundary between tradition and Enlightenment, while a wide-ranging and challenging study by David Sorkin, <span style="font-style:italic;">The Religious Enlightenment</span>, argues against the secularization thesis by claiming that certain Catholic, Protestant and Jewish figures of the eighteenth century found a tenable compromise between tradition and Enlightenment.</span>
Quelle: https://academic.oup.com/gh/article/34/4/630/2726441/The-Catholic-Enlightenment-Some-Reflections-on?rss=1
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November 17, 2016, 5:50 a.m.,
Mark J. Crowley,
Allgemein.
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