Health Citizenship and Access to Health Services: Finland 1900-2000
By analysing access to health services, this paper explores the formation of health citizenship in Finland in the twentieth century. Health citizenship is seen as a part of social citizenship, which emphasises the citizen’s rights to social security. The article constructs four different historical layers of health citizenship, each of which emphasise different dimensions of accessibility and involve different inclusive and exclusive tensions. The article shows the change of focus from promoting the acceptability of medical knowledge and health services, to regional availability of the services in the 1920s–1950s, and to universal affordability in the 1960s–1980s. The reforms of the 1990s respond to a new logic of individual responsibility and result in increasing hierarchies of health citizenship. Elements of the previous historical layers still have a presence in the contemporary health care. Finnish development indicates the interconnectedness of civil, political and health citizenship.
Quelle: http://shm.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/short/29/3/573?rss=1
The Hard School: Physical Treatments for War Neurosis in Britain during the Second World War
While accounts of the practice of military psychiatry during the Second World War have tended to emphasise the development of psychodynamic innovations such as therapeutic communities and group therapy in treating patients with war neurosis, this article explores the parallel use of ‘physical treatments’ by British practitioners during the conflict. Focusing on the work of William Sargant and his collaborators at the Sutton Emergency Hospital, it argues for the importance of these treatments not only for understanding the tenor of wartime psychiatry, but for demonstrating the attractions of physical treatments for managing large patient cohorts during wartime and in the post-war decades.
Quelle: http://shm.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/short/29/3/611?rss=1