Dezember 17, 2015, 1:26 p.m.,
Jessica L. Harland-Jacobs,
Allgemein.
Examining British imperial freemasonry in light of the French, Dutch, and Danish colonial empires, this article argues that freemasonry and European imperialism developed a complex symbiosis during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. It traces brotherhood’s spread through these empires, the mechanisms of its expansion abroad, and its role in colonial societies. Though there were some differences across these empires, freemasonry and colonial regimes developed a mutually beneficial relationship. Arguing that empires must be a central unit of analysis in the historical examination of freemasonry, the article concludes with a discussion of questions and topics requiring further research.
Quelle: https://journals.equinoxpub.com/index.php/JRFF/article/view/23977
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Dezember 17, 2015, 1:24 p.m.,
Anaïs Maes,
Allgemein.
Although the history of Belgian colonization of the Congo is predominantly associated with the hegemony of the Catholic Church over the territory, first in the Congo Free State, later in the Belgian Congo, Belgian freemasonry was not uninterested in the colonial projects of King Leopold II and in the subsequent take-over by the Belgian state. However, before 1914, the interaction between freemasonry and the colonial history of Congo would prove relatively brief and rather limited. It would mainly show how far the metropolitan political struggles of a liberal, secular and anticlerical freemasonry were extended to the country’s colonial territory. In contrast to colonial settings other than the Belgian one, the Congolese lodges were far from numerous and had a very limited membership. That same membership was more international than average, but remained quite Belgian nevertheless. The endeavour to introduce lodges into the colonial territory had a distinct Belgian nationalist ring to it, as it was clearly related to a determination not to let foreign grand lodges best the Grand Orient de Belgique in a kind of masonic ‘Scramble for Africa’.
Quelle: https://journals.equinoxpub.com/index.php/JRFF/article/view/29411
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Dezember 17, 2015, 1:24 p.m.,
Bob James,
Allgemein.
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Dezember 17, 2015, 1:23 p.m.,
Jeffrey Tyssens,
Allgemein.
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Dezember 17, 2015, 1:17 p.m.,
Carter Charles,
Allgemein.
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Dezember 17, 2015, 1:16 p.m.,
Jeffrey Tyssens,
Allgemein.
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Dezember 17, 2015, 1:15 p.m.,
William D. Moore,
Allgemein.
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Dezember 17, 2015, 1:14 p.m.,
Cécile Révauger,
Allgemein.
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Dezember 17, 2015, 1:13 p.m.,
Margaret C. Jacob,
Allgemein.
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Dezember 17, 2015, 1:12 p.m.,
Joachim Berger,
Allgemein.
This essay focuses on territorial conflicts between European masonic bodies outside Europe, and on the impact of these conflicts on inner-European masonic relations. The period between c. 1870 and c. 1930 marks the height of the European expansion respectively the age of ‘high imperialism’. It also marks the first wave of decolonization. The tides of international masonic relations mirror these overall developments. Bilateral territorial conflicts had a major impact on masonic internationalism around 1900 and in the interwar period. Geopolitical rivalry both deepened and blurred the demarcations between the various ideological ‘camps’ of (European) freemasonries. The ‘Association maçonnique internationale’ made efforts to implement a ‘Code de Droit Maçonnique international’ and to establish itself as a global tribunal of arbitration. By the end of the period, territorial jurisdiction had become a key issue when it came to defining masonic ‘regularity’.
Quelle: https://journals.equinoxpub.com/index.php/JRFF/article/view/26558
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