The paradox of progress: the emergence of wage discrimination in US manufacturing

This article tests for wage discrimination in US manufacturing during the nineteenth century and in 2002 by estimating the female-to-male productivity ratio and comparing it to the wage ratio. This method will not identify all forms of discrimination, but will determine whether women were paid wages commensurate with their productivity. There was no significant difference between the wage ratio and the productivity ratio in the nineteenth century, but in 1900 there is evidence of gender discrimination among white-collar workers. In 2002 the female-to-male productivity ratio was higher than in the nineteenth century, and the wage ratio was also higher, but the wage ratio was significantly lower than the productivity ratio, at least for workers older than thirty-five. The movement from the spot labor markets of the nineteenth century to the internal labor markets has allowed for the emergence of gender wage discrimination.

Quelle: http://ereh.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/short/19/2/128?rss=1

A twin crisis with multiple banks of issue: Spain in the 1860s

We create new datasets on capital flows and bank balance sheets to document how the Spanish crisis of the mid-1860s fits the main characteristics of a twin crisis. Next, we describe the particular banking system of Spain, characterized by the coexistence of the Bank of Spain with multiple local banks of issue and a number of joint-stock banks (sociedades de crédito). We analyze the microeconomic behavior of each bank and find that, overall, the banks of issue performed well during the crisis. In contrast, the crisis had a dramatic impact on the sociedades, most of which suspended payments.

Quelle: http://ereh.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/short/19/2/171?rss=1

Vol. 16, n°1 | 2012 – Varia

ISBN 978-2-600-01594-3
Broché

Quelle: http://chs.revues.org/1315

Vol. 16, n°1 | 2012 – Varia

ISBN 978-2-600-01594-3
Broché

Quelle: http://journals.openedition.org/chs/1315

Everyone to skis! skiing in Russia and the rise of Soviet biathlon

10.1080/00905992.2015.1012897
Nameeta Mathur

Quelle: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/00905992.2015.1012897?ai=z4&mi=3fqos0&af=R

Volume 33 Issue 02

Law and History Review, Volume 33 Issue 02


Law and History Review ( LHR ), America's leading legal history journal, encompasses American, European, and ancient legal history issues. The journal's purpose is to further research in the fields of the social history of law and the history of legal ideas and institutions. LHR features articles, essays, commentaries by international authorities, and reviews of important books on legal history.Law and History Review

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Quelle: http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayIssue?jid=LHR&volumeId=33&issueId=02&seriesId=0

Volume 65 Issue 01

The Classical Quarterly, Volume 65 Issue 01


The Classical Quarterly has a reputation for publishing the highest quality classical scholarship for over 100 years. It publishes research papers and short notes in the fields of language, literature, history and philosophy. Two substantial issues (around 300 pages each) of The Classical Quarterly appear each year, in May and December. Given the quality and depth of the articles published in The Classical Quarterly , any serious classical library needs to have a copy on its shelves.The Classical Quarterly

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Quelle: http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayIssue?jid=CAQ&volumeId=65&issueId=01&seriesId=1

Vol. 16, n°1 | 2012 – Varia

ISBN 978-2-600-01594-3
Broché

Quelle: http://chs.revues.org/index1315.html

70 Jahre Befreiung: Deutsche Kälte, deutsches Glück

70 Jahre sind, aus historischer Sicht, eine Petitesse. Vom Ende des Zweiten Weltkriegs am 8. Mai 1945 trennen uns heute nur gut zwei Generationen. Und tatsächlich scheinen die Mentalitäten und Einstellungen zahlreicher Deutscher, ob alt oder jung, in erschreckender Weise unverändert.

Weiterlesen

Quelle: https://www.blaetter.de/archiv/jahrgaenge/2015/mai/70-jahre-befreiung-deutsche-kaelte-deutsches-glueck

Tröglitz: Der pragmatische Rassismus

Seit im März der Widerstand gegen die Aufnahme von Flüchtlingen in Tröglitz eskaliert ist, hat die kleine Ortschaft in Sachsen-Anhalt traurige Berühmtheit erlangt.

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Quelle: https://www.blaetter.de/archiv/jahrgaenge/2015/mai/troeglitz-der-pragmatische-rassismus