Januar 19, 2015, 9:23 p.m.,
Mahar, C.,
Allgemein.
This article examines the 1957 trial for murder of Dr John Bodkin Adams in the context of medical care of the dying in postwar Britain. R v Adams is significant because it is understood to have rendered lawful the medical administration of pain-relieving drugs to the dying even when it is known they will hasten death. I argue the legal sanction of this practice in the 1950s reflected and reinforced the rising authority and faith invested in physicians as specialists in terminal care. Specifically, the case highlights the role of the administration of potent narcotics in the establishment of care of the dying as a branch of medicine requiring specialised knowledge and skills. Finally, I argue that by drawing attention to a medical intervention intent on eliminating pain, the Adams case enables exploration of an aspect of the medicalisation of dying in the twentieth century that is rarely examined.
Quelle: http://shm.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/short/28/1/155?rss=1
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Januar 19, 2015, 9:23 p.m.,
Courtwright, D. T.,
Allgemein.
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Januar 19, 2015, 9:23 p.m.,
Coghe, S.,
Allgemein.
In the 1920s, the Angolan health services eventually established a long-debated programme of African health care called Assistência Médica aos Indígenas (AMI). This article shows that, aside from economic and humanitarian considerations, the international critique of Portugal's colonial policies and ensuing anxieties that the country might lose its colonies were decisive in convincing political decision makers in Lisbon to provide the necessary funding for this project. The article's main argument is that the Angolan AMI programme was profoundly and deliberately shaped by processes of inter-imperial comparison and borrowing. Efforts towards the institutionalisation of inter-imperial learning and collaboration, though backed by international organisations such as the League of Nations' Health Organisation, were often not or only partially successful, as they were caught in the complex interplay between nationalism and internationalism. Inter-imperial hierarchies of prestige conditioned whether inter-imperial borrowings were made explicit or hidden.
Quelle: http://shm.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/short/28/1/134?rss=1
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Januar 19, 2015, 9:23 p.m.,
Bucur, M.,
Allgemein.
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Januar 19, 2015, 9:23 p.m.,
Alberti, S. J. M. M.,
Allgemein.
Soon after the outbreak of the First World War, pathologists and senior military clinicians set out to record and collect information relating to conflict-related conditions and wounds. This material included not only statistics, case histories and clinical illustrations, but also models and human remains. This paper discusses the largest British concentration of such specimens, in the Hunterian Museum at the Royal College of Surgeons of England. Pathological preparations and images arrived from the front and elsewhere to be preserved and exhibited—word, image and object juxtaposed—with the intention of training the Army Medical Services. The work that went into the collection and the post-war debates about the ownership of these specimens demonstrate the value of human remains in medical museums in the early twentieth century.
Quelle: http://shm.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/short/28/1/108?rss=1
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Januar 19, 2015, 9:23 p.m.,
Gehrhardt, M.,
Allgemein.
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Januar 19, 2015, 9:23 p.m.,
Steere-Williams, J.,
Allgemein.
This article is about the performance—referring to the projection and reception—of state medicine in late Victorian Britain. Moving away from the lens of the ideas and policies historians have previously explored, I focus on epidemiological and bacteriological investigations of typhoid fever as they were conducted through the Medical Department of the Local Government Board, during the period historian Roy MacLeod characterised as a ‘frustrating’ one in the history of state medicine. The article focuses on two late Victorian epidemiological investigations, Richard Thorne Thorne's 1879 study of an outbreak of typhoid fever at Caterham, and H. Timbrell Bulstrode's 1896 study of an outbreak of typhoid fever at Chichester, to demonstrate the complex ways that epidemiology was constructed and defended vis-à-vis the emergence of laboratory science during the so-called Bacteriological Revolution.
Quelle: http://shm.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/short/28/1/82?rss=1
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Januar 19, 2015, 9:23 p.m.,
Luckin, B.,
Allgemein.
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Januar 19, 2015, 9:23 p.m.,
Nieto-Galan, A.,
Allgemein.
This paper describes the fast of the hunger artist Giovanni Succi (1853–1918) and his stay at the laboratory of Professor Luigi Luciani (1840–1919), in Florence, in 1888. In his fight against public suspicion of fraud, Succi's success in the marketplace owed a great deal to the scientific authority of prestigious physiologists such as Luciani. In turn, the debates on the causes of resistance to hunger gained Luciani public recognition, and helped him in his attempts to promote a comprehensive image of physiology which contrasted with the contemporary trends towards medical specialization. As a result, Succi's fast and Luciani's supervision were mutually beneficial and furthered the professional interests of both men. This case study sheds new light on the nature and status of late nineteenth-century physiology as an academic discipline. It contributes to recent historiographical trends which try to see beyond the laboratory-centred experimental turn, and focus on the heterogeneity of scientific practices and their circulation in new local contexts.
Quelle: http://shm.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/short/28/1/64?rss=1
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Januar 19, 2015, 9:23 p.m.,
Kline, W.,
Allgemein.
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