An obligation of conscience: gossip as social control in an eighteenth-century Flemish town
European Review of History: Revue européenne d'histoire, Ahead of Print.
Quelle: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/13507486.2014.949631?ai=z4&mi=3fqos0&af=R
Deborah R. Coen
The Earthquake Observers: Disaster Science from Lisbon to Richter, Chicago/London: University of Chicago Press 2013. 348 S., geb., $ 35,00. ISBN 978-0-226-11181-0.
Quelle: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fbewi.201401711
Alexander von Humboldt, Johann Franz Encke
Briefwechsel. Hrsg. von Oliver Schwarz und Ingo Schwarz unter Mitarbeit von Eberhard Knobloch, (Beiträge zur Alexander-von-Humboldt-Forschung; 37) Berlin: Akademie Verlag 2013. 558 S., zahlr. Abb., geb., € 99,95. ISBN 978-3-05-006083-5.
Quelle: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fbewi.201401709
Tina Asmussen, Lucas Burkart, Hole Rößler. Theatrum Kircherianum. Wissenskulturen und Bücherwelten im 17. Jahrhundert
Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz 2013. 314 S., geb., € 42,00. ISBN 978-3-447-10006-9. Daniel Stolzenberg, Egyptian Oedipus: Athanasius Kircher and the Secrets of Antiquity, Chicago/London: University of Chicago Press 2013. XI, 307 S., Ill., $ 50,00. ISBN 978-0-226-92414-4.
Quelle: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fbewi.201401707
Alfred Lohr, Der Computus Gerlandi. Edition, Übersetzung und Erläuterungen
(Sudhoffs Archiv; Beiheft 61) Stuttgart: Franz Steiner 2013. 493 S., zahlr. Abb. u. Tab., kart., € 74,00. ISBN 978-3-515-10468-5.
Quelle: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fbewi.201401706
Der Lexikograf Gerhard Wahrig – Systemgrenzen und Ressourcen: Zur Entstehung seines Projekts „Wörterbuch als Datenbank“
Abstract
Systems, Boundaries and Resources: The Lexicographer Gerhard Wahrig (1923–1978) and the Genesis of his Project “Dictionary as Database”. Gerhard Wahrig’s private archive has recently been retrieved by the authors and their siblings. We undertake a first survey of the unpublished material and concentrate on those aspects of Wahrig’s bio-ergography which stand in relation to his life project “dictionary as database”, realised shortly before his death. We argue that this project was conceived in the 1950s, while Wahrig was writing and editing dictionaries and encyclopedias for the Bibliographisches Institut in Leipzig. Wahrig, who had been a wireless operator in WWII, was well informed about the development of computers in West Germany. He was influenced both by Ferdinand de Saussure and by the discussion on language and structure in the Soviet Union. When he crossed the German/German border in 1959, he experienced mechanisms of exclusion before he could establish himself in the West as a lexicographer. We argue that the transfer of symbolic and human capital was problematic due to the cultural differences between the two Germanies. In the 1970s, he became a professor of General and Applied Linguistics. The project of a “dictionary as database” was intended both as a basis for extensive empirical research on the semantic structure of natural languages and as a working tool for the average user of the German language. Due to his untimely death, he could not pursue his idea of exploring semantic networks.
Quelle: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fbewi.201401682
Übrig bleibt, was übrig bleiben soll. Zur Konstruktion von Biografien durch Nachlässe
Abstract
What Remains Is What Should Remain: Using Estates to Construct Biographies. Estates play a major role in historical research, especially biographic research, for they supplement the official writings surrounding the individual view of a historical figure. But they nonetheless reflect only a small part of the scientific and private activities of a researcher. Moreover, before being handed over to an archive, they are also often filtered by the researchers themselves, by family members, and/or by successors to the historical figure’s post. The history of an estate is thus of great importance to research. With an eye to the estates of natural scientists, the present text uses a concept of estates that includes not only the surviving texts but also artifacts with which the scientists worked. The focus will be on three physicists – Ernst Mach, Walther Gerlach, and Philipp Lenard – in order to investigate the significance of these objects for their respective biographies and for the history of physics.
Quelle: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fbewi.201401685
Behrings Nachlässe – Behrings Biographien
Abstract
Behring’s Personal Papers – Behring’s Lives. The article wants to show the connection between the enriched personal papers of Emil von Behring (1854–1917) in the Behring archives in Marburg (established in 1927) and the history of the first biography of the scientist, which was published by Heinz Zeiss and Richard Bieling during Nazi era in 1940. One focus is placed on Behring’s widow Else von Behring (1876–1936), who was active in arranging Behring’s papers in proper order and in searching a biographer of her husband’s life. The paper also presents new discoveries from the Behring Works archives in Marburg which show Behring – founder of the serum therapy and first winner of the Nobel Prize for medicine in 1901 – as an entrepreneur who was fighting for control and influence in the field of science and of business: maybe another narration of Behring’s life.
Quelle: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fbewi.201401680
Constanze Mozarts Tätigkeiten als Nachlassverwalterin im Kontext der Wissenskulturen um 1800
Abstract
Constanze Mozart’s Activities as Trustee of the Estate in the Context of Memorial Cultures around 1800. After Wolfgang Amadé Mozart’s death in 1791, Constanze Mozart established memorial practices to bring her husband’s name and his music into the musical canon. At first she organized concerts to promote his name and music. She continued by publishing his compositions with Breitkopf & Härtel in Leipzig and Johann Anton André between 1798 and 1802. Many years later, in 1828, she published a biography with her second husband, Georg Nikolaus Nissen. Her actions gained importance with the occurrence of bourgeois musical memorial cultures around 1800. These started to be organized around the musical estates of composers. Thus, the material quality of music became a dominant factor for organizing musical culture, and historiography as a whole within the nineteenth century. However, the activities of Constanze Mozart, as of other widows, have been marginalized. Memory is intertwined with gender constructions and processes of professionalization of musical historiography in the nineteenth century. The theoretical framework of memory research offers a vocabulary to analyze activities of widows in musical cultures and requires the deconstruction of the narrative of the “composer’s widow”. It also offers a way to highlight the importance of individual commitment for processes of cultural memory.
Quelle: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi?DOI=10.1002%2Fbewi.201401681