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März 10, 2014, 9:20 a.m., ScienceDirect Publication: Journal of Medieval History, Allgemein.

Publication date: June 2010
Source:Journal of Medieval History, Volume 36, Issue 2

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Disciplinary ordinances for English and Franco-Scottish armies in 1385: An international code?

März 10, 2014, 9:20 a.m., ScienceDirect Publication: Journal of Medieval History, Allgemein.

Publication date: September 2011
Source:Journal of Medieval History, Volume 37, Issue 3

Author(s): Anne Curry

The earliest known complete set of disciplinary ordinances for an English army dates to the reign of Richard II. They were drawn up at Durham on 17 July 1385 as the king’s large army assembled for an invasion of Scotland. They are known through their inclusion in London, British Library, MS Cotton Nero D. VI, a manuscript connected to Thomas Mowbray, earl of Nottingham, who had been appointed marshal a few weeks earlier. In the same month ordinances were also drawn up in Edinburgh for a joint Franco-Scottish army which was planning to invade England. These are found in the ‘Blak Buik’ (Edinburgh, National Archives of Scotland, PA5/4, Liber Niger) which contains acts of Scottish parliaments and councils. Each text needs to be set into its own context, but it is also possible to point to similarities between the ordinances and to discuss the extent to which they suggest the existence of an international code of military discipline at this point in the Hundred Years War.

Highlights

► Examines the earliest complete set of disciplinary ordinances for an English army. ► Ordinances survive for a joint Franco-Scottish army for an invasion of England. ► Both sets of ordinances are connected to the campaigns of 1385. ► Examines the existence of an international code of military discipline.

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Judges and judging: truth and justice in northern Iberia on the eve of the millennium

März 10, 2014, 9:20 a.m., ScienceDirect Publication: Journal of Medieval History, Allgemein.

Publication date: September 2010
Source:Journal of Medieval History, Volume 36, Issue 3

Author(s): Wendy Davies

This is a study of the functions of judges in courts in northern Iberia in the later ninth and tenth centuries; of their identities as individuals; and of the language of justice in the records of court proceedings. Judges ordered what was to happen next in the conduct of a case, made primary investigations, reviewed evidence and made decisions. At least 180 named individuals were involved in judging in this period, usually in panels, although more, unnamed, judges also participated in the process. The records are characterised by a rhetoric of truth and justice designed to effect closure.

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