Masculinity, Class and Same-Sex Desire in Industrial England, 1895–1957
Volume 42, Issue 1, February 2017, Page 143-145
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Quelle: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/03071022.2016.1253338?ai=z4&mi=3fqos0&af=R
Vesalius’ Fabrica : A Report on the Worldwide Census of the 1543 and 1555 Editions
<span class="paragraphSection"><div class="boxTitle">Summary</div>This article provides a listing of known copies of the first two folio editions of Andreas Vesalius' <span style="font-style:italic;">De humani corporis fabrica</span> (1543 and 1555), revising earlier estimates. It shows that the <span style="font-style:italic;">Fabrica</span> survives in much higher numbers than previously reported, and has a much wider geographical distribution, as well. The authors discuss the methodologies for conducting census in the digital age, provide an estimate of the print runs, and compare the survival rate of the two folio editions. It is argued that cultural politics explains the circulation patterns and current locations of Vesalius' <span style="font-style:italic;">Fabrica</span>. Throughout history, this luxurious atlas of anatomy could only be afforded by the wealthy, and, as a result, surviving copies tend to concentrate in areas that have traditionally been associated with the development of Western economic power structures. </span>
Taming Nuclear Power: The Accident near Harrisburg and the Change in West German and International Nuclear Policy in the 1970s and early 1980s
<span class="paragraphSection"><div class="boxTitle">Abstract</div>In 2011 a broad majority in the German Federal Parliament voted to abandon nuclear energy. This article explores the origins of the change in attitude towards nuclear energy and argues that seven years before the Chernobyl disaster, the accident at the U.S. power plant Three Mile Island near Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, in 1979, had a profound impact which nowadays seems to be largely forgotten in Europe. The article identifies the structural causes underlying the transnational reception of the Three Mile Island accident and explores international reactions, particularly in the Federal Republic of Germany. The accident near Harrisburg led to a loss of public confidence and created unease about nuclear expansion in many industrialized nations. Reactions to the accident can be understood as an attempt to tame nuclear energy both technically, by increasing safety measures and abandoning plans for new nuclear power stations, and politically, with a more critical appraisal of nuclear energy and with semantics that encouraged a long-term withdrawal from nuclear power. Critics were now also accepted as experts. Nuclear policy in all countries became closely dependent on public opinion, indicating a high level of political responsiveness. Various factors, however, including the contemporaneous oil crisis put the brakes on this critical approach to nuclear power, while safety improvements and the limited expansion of nuclear power created new confidence in the early 1980s.</span>
Beulah Bewley, My Life as a Woman and a Doctor
<span class="paragraphSection">BewleyBeulah, <span style="font-style:italic;">My Life as a Woman and a Doctor</span>, Bristol: Silverwood Books, 2016. Pp. 236. £15. ISBN 978 1 7813 2419 6.</span>
A Microhistory of the Womb from the N-Town Mary Plays to Gorboduc
This essay examines representations of the womb across late medieval and early modern performance. The N-Town Mary plays and the Elizabethan tragedy Gorboduc are separated by less than a century but are rarely examined in light of one another. Using microhistorical methods and formal textual analysis, the essay zooms in on the trope of the womb across the theological divide separating these plays. It argues that these representations demonstrate a consistent and ambivalent connection between the mind and womb, a connection that does not subordinate one part of the body to another, but instead makes visible a dialectical relationship between the two. Examining literary representations of individual and social experiences of premodern pregnancy, the essay offers a complementary approach to historical archival methods.
Quelle: http://jmems.dukejournals.org/cgi/content/short/47/1/121?rss=1
Probing the Limits of Microhistory
This epilogue to the special issue of JMEMS, "Microhistory and the Historical Imagination: New Frontiers," comments on the essays, which trace the frontiers of microhistory. While they embrace the essence of microhistorical practice in their commitment to microanalysis, agency, and the power of the small to clarify large issues, they also exhibit new possibilities for writing gender history, literary history, and global history.
Quelle: http://jmems.dukejournals.org/cgi/content/short/47/1/193?rss=1
The Desert War of a Carolingian Monk
How small can microhistorians go? The article proposes the advantages of "particle history," the intense investigation of small, often isolated and dislocated fragments, and how they connect to the worlds to which they once belonged. To demonstrate the method, the article takes a single stand-alone sentence, a colophon, from an early ninth-century manuscript, Brussels, Bibliothèque Royale de Belgique 8216-8218, in which the scribe, one Ellenhart, reports that he copied the book while on a military campaign and supplies the dates of his copying. This evidence leads the author and readers on a journey to reconstruct a military campaign to Hunia (Hungary) in 819, the reasons for that military venture, the nature of the army's travel, and the scribe's role and progress in making his book. But why was Ellenhart there at all and what did he choose to copy while on campaign? To answer those questions the author examines the special character and critical tensions of Carolingian monasticism and why the monk chose the lives and sayings of the desert fathers to copy while on campaign. From a single sentence in an obscure manuscript, a world of associations and connections opens, reminding us that microhistory is not reductive, as is sometimes claimed, but expansive, for when it works it connects its objects of inquiry to wider worlds of meaning and importance.
Quelle: http://jmems.dukejournals.org/cgi/content/short/47/1/75?rss=1
Crime and Testimony: Life Narratives, Pardon Letters, and Microhistory
Late medieval and early modern pardon letters are among the best sources of ordinary people's voices in the premodern period. The stuff of social history, these legal documents allow us access to nonelite social actors and masculine spaces of sociability. Yet they also represent a genre of life narrative that profits from the insights of literary and feminist theory. This essay reads the rich harvest of fifteenth-century Burgundian pardon letters as collaboratively authored textual performances as it explores the relationship of these micronarratives to the writing of microhistory. Vehicles of self-presentation and sources of social history, the pardon letters expose the textual strategies through which those accused sought to perform their innocence. In so doing, the letters reveal something of the vast and shifting terrain of sex, station, status, and sociability in late medieval Burgundian cities.
Quelle: http://jmems.dukejournals.org/cgi/content/short/47/1/147?rss=1
The Macrohistory of Microhistory
In the classic microhistorical mode, this article begins with the tale of the author's quirky, accidental entry into microhistory. It then frames his own practice in the social history of the 1980s, before moving to an apologia for microhistory not as a field but as a practice. The article posits five further traits of microhistory: its insistence on the dense connectedness of things; its professed ignorance or very partial knowledge; its invitation to the reader to share doubt; its bridled intimacy with the elusive past; its half-baffled engagement with story as device and historical fact. The article then ponders the utility of microhistory for newer lines of inquiry since the linguistic turn flowed and began to ebb, considering agency, materiality, the body, the new spatial turn, experience, and time, and finally proposing the value of microhistory for the macroquestions of globalizing scholarship.
Quelle: http://jmems.dukejournals.org/cgi/content/short/47/1/53?rss=1