Buchbesprechungen
Quelle: http://ejournals.duncker-humblot.de/doi/abs/10.3790/zhf.43.1.61?af=R
Quelle: http://ejournals.duncker-humblot.de/doi/abs/10.3790/zhf.43.1.61?af=R
Quelle: http://ejournals.duncker-humblot.de/doi/abs/10.3790/zhf.43.1.27?af=R
Quelle: http://chs.revues.org/1406
Quelle: http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayIssue?jid=CAQ&volumeId=66&issueId=01&seriesId=1
Quelle: http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayIssue?jid=LHR&volumeId=34&issueId=02&seriesId=0
In the late 1930s, during the first years of the Second Sino-Japanese War (1937-1945), the Japanese government tasked the Home Ministry (Naimushō) with the promotion of urban civil defense. A critical element in these government media campaigns was the promotion of the "unburnable city" (moenai toshi), an ideal cityscape that could better withstand the incendiary ravages of aerial bombardment. This article examines the multimedia "unburnable city" campaign in Japan from two perspectives: as part of broader international concerns regarding the effect of aviation technology on modern warfare in the 1930s and as a regional issue that required unique representational strategies to adequately convey the threat of aerial attack not yet experienced in the Japanese homeland. I discuss how memories of the 1923 Great Kantō Earthquake and its subsequent fires functioned as a traumatic surrogate to communicate the physical and emotional stakes of civic duty and urban reform to Japanese urbanites mobilizing for "total war."
Quelle: http://juh.sagepub.com/cgi/content/abstract/42/3/582?rss=1
Since the nineteenth century, the survey of people’s way of life were the basic method to study big cities. Even though the surveys were motivated by social awareness, the result was mainly analyzed by scientific, political and economical interests, and often was devided from the cultural and psychological research of urban phenomena. However, as it is obvious that these are closely integrated, the method and idea of the urban survey reflect the bilateral relationship between perceiving and conceiving urban space. This study will explain how urban surveys transformed and reflected the ideas and interests in urban space and its study in Japan from the end of the nineteenth century to the 1980s. Especially in examining a research named "Modernology" by a Japanese architect Wajiro Kon from 1925 to 1930, and the works of later Japanese architects inspiered by "Modernology" after 1960s, this study will explain how they tried to create urban studies with cultural identity by conducting surveys and integrating with international theories. "Modernology"described the emerging urban space and people’s way of life in Tokyo, and was often recognized as a method of popular culture. However, Modernology represented critical aspects of social space and encouraged people to be more engaged with it. While modernist architects distanced from urban realities to solve its problems scientifically, Modernology was often recognized as their counter part. When we recognize its primal objectives and influence on later generation in seeking the social ethos in the dialectical progress with the bilateral approaches between surveying and planning, we can understand the alternative aspect of Japanese urban studies.
Quelle: http://juh.sagepub.com/cgi/content/abstract/42/3/557?rss=1
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