April 27, 2016, 6:18 p.m.,
Lin, Z.,
Allgemein.
Despite the recent revival of interest in the work of Metabolism, Japan’s architectural avant-garde in the 1960s, the Metabolist discourse of the city and its impact on modern society has not been given its justice due to the stereotype of "megastructure" that has always been used to label the Metabolist concepts. Starting from an observation of the changing scholarly as well as professional concepts, this article reinterprets the history of Metabolism by focusing on a relationship between urbanism and utopianism, which underlies Metabolism’s legacy in contemporary architecture and city building. Moving away from the unitary historiography of megastructure, it examines the Metabolist city through its three important paradigms of urbanism: megastructure, group form, and the ruins. Each inspires a model for urban design and addresses urban growth and transformation from a particular perspective. Together, they provide a lens into the dynamics of contemporary metropolises in the world characterized by the pluralism in ideologies and visions. The influence of the Metabolist urban utopias is analyzed through study of Asian cities with their rapid pace of urbanization or reurbanization.
Quelle: http://juh.sagepub.com/cgi/content/abstract/42/3/604?rss=1
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April 27, 2016, 6:18 p.m.,
Grunow, T. R.,
Allgemein.
This article examines street improvement projects in Tokyo and Seoul as case studies for tracing the active participation of Japanese urban planners in the global flow of urban planning concepts and technologies from the West to Japan, and then from Japan to Asia. Striving to recreate Tokyo as the "greatest capital in East Asia," Japanese planners in the mid-Meiji Period envisioned improvement projects that, while adapted to meet local needs, exhibited a striking similarity with the primary concerns of contemporary "modern" Western planning ideas. Moreover, Japanese planners acted as transmitters of Western planning as these imported ideas and practices adapted in Tokyo in the 1880s were then exported to Korea along with Japanese imperialism in the early 1900s as planners sought to refashion Seoul as a suitable colonial capital to assert Japanese cultural hegemony. Street improvement projects in both cities provide tangible examples highlighting this technical innovation and conceptual diffusion overseas.
Quelle: http://juh.sagepub.com/cgi/content/abstract/42/3/506?rss=1
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April 27, 2016, 6:18 p.m.,
Anemone, A.,
Allgemein.
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April 27, 2016, 6:18 p.m.,
Palmer, D.,
Allgemein.
Nagasaki’s cityscape reveals a history beyond the 1945 atomic bombing. Four main area "districts" were focal points for Japan’s contact with the West spanning four hundred years: (1) the Urakami District, Japan’s most significant location for Christians before Tokugawa Shogunate suppression in 1614, and in 1945 the atomic bomb’s hypocenter; (2) the Commercial District during the Edo era, extending from Dejima’s Dutch trading enclave to the Nakashima River and the concentration of Japanese merchants ; (3) the Foreign Settlement District further south along the harbor during Meiji and Taisho, which was British dominated; and (4) the Shipyard District, across from the harbor from the main city, where the Nagasaki Shipyard was established during Meiji and that Mitsubishi expanded into East Asia’s largest shipyard by World War II. Nagasaki represents in microcosm Japan’s changing position in the world: initial contact with European colonial empires, then seclusion from the West, opening the country to modernization, and finally a militarist-industrial empire defeated in World War II but surviving the postwar era.
Quelle: http://juh.sagepub.com/cgi/content/abstract/42/3/477?rss=1
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April 27, 2016, 6:18 p.m.,
Hein, C.,
Allgemein.
Japan has been part of a transnational and cross-cultural exchange of planning ideas for many centuries. A comprehensive analysis of exchange between the island nation, its Asian neighbors, and the larger world is still missing, despite the growing interest in the study of transnational and cross-cultural urbanism. The articles in this special section illustrate the multiple ways in which foreign influences have shaped and changed Japanese urban form and in which Japanese practices have influenced the built environment elsewhere. They explore the theoretical, methodological, and practical results of this exchange. Sites discussed are inside Japan, notably Nagasaki and Tokyo, and also in the Japanese colonies (specifically through the lens of Seoul), and also outside Japan, specifically the United States and Europe. This introduction sets up the background and larger context of urban history and planning in Japan, identifies the threads that link the articles, and proposes further directions for research.
Quelle: http://juh.sagepub.com/cgi/content/abstract/42/3/463?rss=1
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April 27, 2016, 6:18 p.m.,
Oshima, K. T.,
Allgemein.
Counter to the rise of the modern metropolis in Japan in "the era of high-speed growth" following World War II, a movement to embrace elements of traditional townscapes that had been lost as rational urban planning took hold from the mid-1950s to the mid-1970s. During this period, the realities of large-scale urban development and increasing urban problems would eventually expose the limitations of functional planning and the need to preserve traditional structures and townscapes. While architects like Bruno Taut had praised the virtues of the farmhouse villages at Shirakawago in the 1930s and Yoshida Tetsurō presented traditional Japanese architecture to an international audience as contemporary design before World War II, among others, the discourse subsequently shifted from Japanese objects and structures to urban space in the postwar period. This discourse on Japanese urban space would lead to the publication of "Nihon no toshi kūkan" (Japanese Urban Space) in 1963 (1968 as a book) that presented the work of the Toshi dezain kenkyūtai (Urban Design Research Group) including Isozaki Arata (1931-) and architectural historian Itō Teiji (1922-2010). This article analyzes the origins and implications of this work through a plethora of subsequent "design surveys" throughout Japan and other trajectories of research and design of Japanese urban space from the 1960s to the present.
Quelle: http://juh.sagepub.com/cgi/content/abstract/42/3/623?rss=1
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April 27, 2016, 1:18 p.m.,
Blätter Verlag,
Allgemein.
Europa präsentiert sich in diesen Wochen als politisch zerrissener Kontinent. Die EU steckt in einer gefährlichen „Polykrise“, wie Jean-Claude Juncker offen sagt.
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Quelle: https://www.blaetter.de/archiv/jahrgaenge/2016/mai/eu-die-nationalistische-blockade
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April 27, 2016, 1:17 p.m.,
Blätter Verlag,
Allgemein.
Unterm Strich kann Angela Merkel zufrieden sein. Das von ihr durchgesetzte Abkommen zwischen der Europäischen Union und der türkischen Regierung verhindert derzeit weitere „illegale Einreisen“ von der Türkei in die EU.
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Quelle: https://www.blaetter.de/archiv/jahrgaenge/2016/mai/tuerkei-merkels-schmutziger-deal
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April 27, 2016, 1:16 p.m.,
Blätter Verlag,
Allgemein.
Während die griechische Wirtschaftskrise auf die politische Agenda zurückgekehrt ist, ringen diverse Akteure um eine neue gesamteuropäische Strategie.
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Quelle: https://www.blaetter.de/archiv/jahrgaenge/2016/mai/linker-ausbruch-europas-dritter-weg
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April 27, 2016, 1:15 p.m.,
Blätter Verlag,
Allgemein.
Man kann sich bei den investigativen Journalisten, die über ein Jahr recherchiert haben, nur bedanken: Die Panama Papers bedeuten einen Meilenstein, was die Kenntnisse über die dunklen Machenschaften in Steueroasen anbelangt.
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Quelle: https://www.blaetter.de/archiv/jahrgaenge/2016/mai/panama-papers-der-kampf-gegen-die-geldwaesche
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