August 9, 2014, 3:58 a.m.,
ScienceDirect Publication: Journal of Medieval History,
Allgemein.
Publication date:
December 2010 Source:Journal of Medieval History, Volume 36, Issue 4
Author(s): Boris Todorov
The article seeks to explain the connection between the migration of the Magyars and Pechenegs in central and south-east Europe, in the late ninth and early tenth century, and the conflict between Byzantium and Bulgaria during the same period. Through reference to anthropologists discussing the relations between nomadic and sedentary societies (Khazanov, Barfield), and historians studying medieval rituals (Buc, Althoff, Koziol), the article interprets the aggressive policy of the Bulgarian tsar Symeon as a consistent effort to displace Byzantium as major partner of the nomadic polities in the area. By subverting the principles of Byzantine diplomacy and political culture, Symeon turned his own kingdom into a society-structuring factor in the nomadic world. The article evaluates the very meaning of imperial claims not so much in legal terms, as an effort to guarantee Bulgaria’s sovereignty in a Byzantium-centred world, but in the real-time capacity of a ruler to make use of imperial symbols and act upon the dynamically changing conjuncture.
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August 9, 2014, 3:58 a.m.,
ScienceDirect Publication: Journal of Medieval History,
Allgemein.
Publication date:
December 2011 Source:Journal of Medieval History, Volume 37, Issue 4
Author(s): Benjamin L. Wild
The belt of Fernando de la Cerda is on permanent display in the Museo de Telas Ricas, Burgos. Presently, scholars believe the belt dates from 1252–75, is of Hispano-Islamic work and was worn as a baldric. This article suggests that the belt is English, that it was commissioned by King Henry III and was worn around the waist. Henry gave the belt to the count of Champagne, Thibault II, during his first diplomatic visit to France. In turn, Thibault probably gave the belt to Fernando de la Cerda, the infante of Castile, in 1269, at Fernando’s wedding. The belt’s burial with the Castilian infante provides important evidence of the close familial and political relationships that linked the ruling dynasties of north-west Europe during the thirteenth century. Commissioned as a gift and richly decorated, the belt should be seen as an example of the aesthetic accomplishment of Henry III, his use of propaganda and political aspirations. Highlights
► New analysis of Fernando de la Cerda’s sword belt. ► Identification of heraldry on the belt. ► Role of Henry III of England in the commission of the belt. ► Court politics and relationships of power in thirteenth-century England.
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August 9, 2014, 3:58 a.m.,
ScienceDirect Publication: Journal of Medieval History,
Allgemein.
Publication date:
March 2011 Source:Journal of Medieval History, Volume 37, Issue 1
Author(s): Joanna Bellis
This article examines the symbolism of the cup in Old English poetry and Old French romance. It argues that the dual symbolism of the cup in the Bible, both the cask of divine wrath and the vessel of mercy, invested the image with a particular dichotomy that was inherited by its metaphoric social functions in the literature of the middle ages. In Old English literature, the cup became a metonym for the contract for lord and thane, the conviviality and treasure exchange that united the mead-hall community. But never far beneath the surface is the fact that this contract requires the thane to die, and this unspoken yet unavoidable truth is writ large in the contagious imagery and vocabulary of the cup. In Old French romance, dichotomy crystallises into binary. The association of the cup of the Last Supper with Joseph of Arimathea, and the development of the Grail legend, made the service of the cup an exclusive loyalty, at the expense of social obligation, and its exigencies are made absolute and immediate. This article offers parallel readings of the same biblical metaphor in different literary cultures and a detailed analysis of a symbol that stands simultaneously for the positive image and its reversal, opposites that are mutually contingent: the community’s desire for unity and preservation and its concomitant fear of disintegration and death.
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August 9, 2014, 3:58 a.m.,
ScienceDirect Publication: Journal of Medieval History,
Allgemein.
Publication date:
December 2011 Source:Journal of Medieval History, Volume 37, Issue 4
Author(s): Renana Bartal
The place of the women’s convent as a centre for biblical study has been widely recognised in recent years as scholars have begun evaluating alternative modes of learning, such as vernacular reading, hearing and seeing. Vision has been specifically connected with biblical learning by women. While this aspect has been extensively studied in the case of continental convents, it has seldom been addressed by scholars of English religious women. This article examines the role of images in a relatively little studied Apocalypse manuscript, produced in England in the first quarter of the fourteenth century, the Pepys Apocalypse. Unlike the manuscript models used in its making, the Pepys Apocalypse does not contain a textual commentary. The designers of the manuscript responded to this difference by making some of the hidden meanings of Revelation visually explicit, thus offering the spiritual visions of St John the Divine as an optical experience. Highlights
► The importance of images for English religious women. ► The role of images in an unglossed, fourteenth-century Apocalypse manuscript. ► Some exegetical meanings made visually explicit by the illuminator. ► Enhanced role of images as vehicles for scriptural contemplation by women.
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August 9, 2014, 3:58 a.m.,
ScienceDirect Publication: Journal of Medieval History,
Allgemein.
Publication date:
December 2010 Source:Journal of Medieval History, Volume 36, Issue 4
Author(s): Jan Dumolyn
Economic historians study production, consumption, market phenomena, and economic policies, while what is referred to as ‘the history of medieval economic thought’ largely remains the province of historians of ideas. However, participants in medieval industry and commerce, informed by daily production, market and financial practices, also uttered discourses on the state of the economy and on the measures governments should take to resolve crises or economic decline. When the burghers of Bruges formulated their economic demands in times of crisis, such as during the revolt of 1488, their utterances reveal commonly accepted presuppositions of which institutional levels, the prince, the town, or the guilds, should stimulate the economy by reducing transaction costs.
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August 9, 2014, 3:58 a.m.,
ScienceDirect Publication: Journal of Medieval History,
Allgemein.
Publication date:
December 2011 Source:Journal of Medieval History, Volume 37, Issue 4
Author(s): Steven Vanderputten, Diane J. Reilly
This paper argues that the Acta synodi Atrebatensis, a putative description of a synod held in 1025 by Bishop Gerard of Cambrai to address the then-current heresy in the city of Arras, shows Gerard navigating his diocese’s troubled waters by negotiating reconciliation whenever possible. Faced with both religious heterodoxy and its concomitant civil disruption, or the depredations wrought by unruly minor nobles, Gerard advertised his commitment to reconciliation through the Acta’s descriptions of the liturgical setting of the event, of the verbal exchanges and gestures of its participants, and of the construction of a written and signed promise of orthodoxy. These mechanisms, recorded in the Acta, in the contemporary Gesta episcoporum Cameracensium and in charters, were components of a coherent strategy developed by Gerard to enhance episcopal authority in both the secular and ecclesiastical spheres. Highlights
► Analyses the Acta synodi Atrebatensis, the synod held in 1025 by Gerard of Cambrai. ► The text shows Gerard negotiating reconciliation in a case of heresy. ► Instrumental to this process was the liturgical setting of the synod. ► Crucial additions were elements from secular procedures for reconciliation. ► These mechanisms enhanced episcopal authority in the secular and ecclesiastical spheres.
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August 9, 2014, 3:58 a.m.,
ScienceDirect Publication: Journal of Medieval History,
Allgemein.
Publication date:
June 2010 Source:Journal of Medieval History, Volume 36, Issue 2
Author(s): G. Geltner
This article establishes the scale of violence perpetrated against mendicant friars in thirteenth- and fourteenth-century Europe, and provides a list of these events in an on-line appendix. It underscores and analyses the wide variety of contexts in which such incidents took place and examines the ramifications for the history of the mendicant orders and medieval urban society generally. Violence was a subtler form of communicative action than is sometimes recognised, and the paper points to the inverse relationship between power and violence in medieval urban conflicts.
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August 9, 2014, 3:58 a.m.,
ScienceDirect Publication: Journal of Medieval History,
Allgemein.
Publication date:
March 2011 Source:Journal of Medieval History, Volume 37, Issue 1
Author(s): Laura Crombie
Archery and crossbow guilds first appeared in the fourteenth century in response to the needs of town defence and princely calls for troops. By the fifteenth century these guilds existed across northern Europe. Despite this they have not received the attention they deserve, and have even been dismissed as little more than militias. An analysis of the uniquely detailed account books of the two Bruges guilds, the archers of St Sebastian and the crossbowmen of St George, reveals much about their social activities, and especially their annual meals. Feasts were important to the guilds in three main ways. Firstly, they demonstrated the guild's status and wealth. Secondly, meals helped to strengthen the bonds of the community. The guild's community could include not just members resident in Bruges, but also shooters from other towns and even leading noblemen. Thirdly, and in contrast to this, communal meals were an occasion to exhibit the hierarchy present within these guilds. Hierarchy is shown through the range of foods purchased, and through the seating plans preserved in the St Sebastian's guild accounts.
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August 8, 2014, 8:54 p.m.,
Diana Panke,
article.
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August 8, 2014, 8:50 p.m.,
Lucia Rubinelli,
book review.
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