Quelle: http://geschichts-blog.blogspot.com/2014/01/erinnerungskultur-und-erster-weltkrieg.html
Fundstücke
- Eine Homepage bietet Sekundärtexte zum Zweiten Weltkrieg (englischssprachig) an. Wer das hässliche 90er-Layout übersteht, findet vielleicht etwas Interessantes.
- Die FAZ hat was zum Hartmannsweiler Kopf. Der Umgang mit dem Ersten Weltkrieg in Deutschland und Frankreich ist schon strange.
- Das Jahr 2014 wird schlimm. Oh ja.
- Serbien spinnt schon rum.
Quelle: http://geschichts-blog.blogspot.com/2014/01/fundstucke.html
Historical accuracy, games and World War II
Practically every game that takes place in the World War II era has one selling point in common, whether it's a stategy game or a shooter: historical accuracy. They all pride themselves on conveying the details of the epoch right, able to give the player that unique feeling. The shooters, like Medal of Honor or Call of Duty, went over great lengths to incorporate the correct sounds of all weapons, for example, the physics, the looks. In the Hearts of Iron series, you can equip your divisons and brigades with the contempory leaders and weaponry. And if you browse the Company of Heroes forums, you find people asking themselves how accurate the depiction of the Sturmgeschütz III Ausführung E in comparison to Ausführung F is. There's a great emphasis on getting the details right.
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Detail, with a capital D |
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Depicted: stuff happening |
But unfortunately, the dying seldom is dignified, as death in combat often comes unexpected and gruesome, and apart from the short intervals of brutal combat, the feeling that all soldiers of all times agree on is boredom. This doesn't mean that you should try to make the dying as gory as possible in a vein attempt on even more "realism". If you really do this, there can be only two possible outcomes. One, the game becomes unplayable, not a game anymore, but an experience that wants to make you hurl. Or, second, it degrades the game only further by using the gore to justify other lackluster elements, like especially unnecessary violent setpieces. This often feels like one of Uwe Boll's rat-ass ideas, like showing the Auschwitz gas chamber POV style. That's violence porn.
The master himself. |
So, with that out of the way, where is the problem? I want to single out three games or game lines, because they all attempt at varying degrees of realism for a World War II setting and all fail at it: Paradox Interactive's "Heart of Iron" series, Activision's "Call of Duty" series, and Relic Entertaintment's "Company of Heroes". In each of those games, you are thrown into the setting in some capacity, influencing historic events.
The "Heart of Iron" series is the flagship of Paradox Entertaintment, a small Scandinavian firm that specializes in strategy titles so complex and user-unfriendly that they are only for the most dedicated of gamers. You take the control over a country during the period of 1936 to 1949 (extended by later expansions to 1953) - any country. Play as the German Reich and unleash the Wehrmacht on Europe, or try to establish an empire as Yemen.
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Is it a game? Art? Torture? Exam? You decide. |
In the game, you have control over various bloated menus and sliders, where you produce units, research technology, balance the domestic politicies and manage foreign policy. On a world map, you then proceed to send the produced units into foreign countries to paint their provinces in your own color. This sounds derivative, and in part it is. I played Hearts of Iron for many, many hours, and I thoroughly enjoyed it, make no mistake. But in the end, the pleasure comes from painting a map. Since we are on a grand strategic level, many decisions and details get swamped (like geography and such, which is highly abstracted).
But the most interesting thing I find is that the game, for all its meticulous details and totally overloaded menues, is not really realistic. For example, logistics don't really play a role. Fighting starts when you send your (oftentimes ridiculously large) armies into a province. Sliders move, a side wins, marches in, the province is painted. Yes, there are partisans and such, but the idea that by moving into a foreign country you "own" it hasn't worked for any invader anywhere, anytime.
See? All red. |
Going down on the other end of the spectrum, we meet Call of Duty, a series of First-Person-Shooters set in the age of World War 2. As a disclaimer, I only played Call of Duty 5, but I'm told the others are very similar. Here you are one single soldier, shooting your way through hordes and hordes of enemies. The developers tried to give you the feeling that you are a cog in the machinery of war by letting stuff happen - soldiers running around, tanks driving and firing, explosions - but in the end, the nature of the genre makes it impossible for you not to shoot hordes of enemies and survive improbable stuff. It's an action game, after all.
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Things tend to become easy when viewed over a rifle's sights. |
The last series takes the fighting to the tactical level. Company of Heroes is a Real-Time-Strategy game, allowing you to command squads of three to six soldiers and some vehicles on tightly confined battlefields, conveniently empty of civilians (something that Call of Duty does, too, even if there should be some). The fighting feels realistic, and the option to retreat units rather than to simply send them to the slaughter makes for an important gameplay aspect.
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Depicted: Stuff happening |
And the voice acting! Whoever wrote these lines must have played too much Command&Conquer. The Russian Penal Battailon, historically a unit for all those who dared to speak up or try to shirk that had to perform the most dangerous duties, greets you with such uplifting lines as "Do you need a suicide squad?" when clicked. Other troops display a similar detached sense of heroism in their comments that totally doesn't match the things going on.
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Because nothing screams heroism like being burned alive. |
I don't have a recipe for making a truly "realistic" World War II game. I seriously doubt that this is something anyone in their right mind wants anyway. But please, stop to distort the real events to match history to the tropes of video game storytelling. The Russians aren't the Orcs, and the Germans aren't the Alliance.
Quelle: http://geschichts-blog.blogspot.com/2014/01/historical-accuracy-games-and-world-war.html
Irische Geschichte, Teil 7: The Troubles, 1968-1974
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Bürgerrechts-Mural in der Bogside, Derry |
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Erinnerung an den Marsch auf Derry 1968 |
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Mural für die UVF, Belfast |
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Katholisches Banner in Derry |
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Protestantisches Graffitti in Belfast |
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Polizeikontrolle in Belfast |
Literaturhinweise:
Richard English - Armed Struggle - The history of the IRA
Polizeikontrolle - George Louis (GNU 1.2)
Quelle: http://geschichts-blog.blogspot.com/2013/12/irische-geschichte-teil-7-troubles-1968.html
Fundstücke
- Spiegel TV hat einen 20 Jahre alten Bericht über ein Treffen der Ritterkreuzträger in Celle. Da läuft's einem kalt den Rücken hinunter. Ein Glück ist die Bande mittlerweile ausgestorben.
- Die SZ hat ein Stück über die Räterepublik Bayern und den Hitlerputsch.
- Die Zeit hat einen guten Überblick über die Geschichte Nordkoreas.
- In der Welt wird berichtet, wie das deutsche Soldatendenkmal in Sedan verfällt, weil die Bundesregierung sich nicht als zuständig betrachtet.
Quelle: http://geschichts-blog.blogspot.com/2013/12/fundstucke_9.html
Geschichtspodcast, Folge 2: Historische Ereignisse im kulturellen Spiegel
In Folge 2 des Geschichtspodcasts (Folge 1 hier) reden der amerikanische Historiker Steven Attewel und ich über die Wahrnehmung von historischen Ereignissen durch die kulturelle Linse. Wir nehmen den amerikanischen Bürgerkrieg und den Zweiten Weltkrieg als Beispiele, die sowohl in den USA als auch in Deutschland eine gewisse Bekanntheit genießen und vergleichen, wie beide Völker diese Ereignisse betrachten. Die Differenzen darin sind bemerkenswert.
Download!
Quelle: http://geschichts-blog.blogspot.com/2013/12/geschichtspodcast-folge-2-historische.html
Fundstücke
- Spiegel TV hat einen 20 Jahre alten Bericht über ein Treffen der Ritterkreuzträger in Celle. Da läuft's einem kalt den Rücken hinunter. Ein Glück ist die Bande mittlerweile ausgestorben.
- Die SZ hat ein Stück über die Räterepublik Bayern und den Hitlerputsch.
- Die Zeit hat einen guten Überblick über die Geschichte Nordkoreas.
- In der Welt wird berichtet, wie das deutsche Soldatendenkmal in Sedan verfällt, weil die Bundesregierung sich nicht als zuständig betrachtet.
Quelle: http://geschichts-blog.blogspot.com/2013/11/fundstucke_25.html
Fundstücke
- Im KZ Sobibor fand1943 der größte KZ-Aufstand statt. Die Geschichte ist äußerst bedrückend.
- Ein Stern-Journalist erklärt seinem Sohn, warum es schade ist, dass er Willy Brandt nicht erleben durfte.
- Die wenigen Afro-Deutschen im Dritten Reich überlebten hauptsächlich, weil sie in Goebbels Filmen als afrikanische Wilde gebraucht wurden.
- Der Spiegel über die MDR-Sondersendungen zur Völkerschlacht.
Quelle: http://geschichts-blog.blogspot.com/2013/11/fundstucke_11.html
Fundstücke
- Die Reaktion von deutschen Kriegsgefangenen auf Bilder von Auschwitz
- War Neville Chamberlain wirklich ein schwacher Premier? (Englisch)
- Ein freundliches Ende der Geisteswissenschaften?
- Karte über die Verteilung des Welt-Fortschritts (Englisch)
Quelle: http://geschichts-blog.blogspot.com/2013/10/fundstucke_28.html
Fundstücke
- Der Tagesspiegel fordert einen Stopp für Mahnmalkitsch.
- Imperiale Karte des Mittleren Ostens, interaktiv (Englisch)
- How soldiers die in battle (Englisch)
- Warum junge Demokraten besonders die 1920er interessant finden (Englisch)
Quelle: http://geschichts-blog.blogspot.com/2013/10/fundstucke_14.html